Methodology
Entrepreneurial Value Analysis: a collaborative and iterative research and innovation approach
Entrepreneurial Value Analysis (AVE *) is an iterative research and development method aimed at designing educational or clinical innovations (products, processes or services), which take into account the needs of different users, functions to be fulfilled by innovations in order to meet their needs at lower costs and with more benefits.
* The AVE is an adaptation of the AVP; a method that has their origins in engineering (Langevin and Rocque, 1998)
The AVE consists of four main stages described below.
Preconception
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In a logic of innovation (design or redesign of devices, products, processes or services), it is essential to define and document the problem or problems to be solved, to determine who will be the users of the solution developed, but also to determine which are their needs.
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Functional analysis
The functional analysis aims to determine the functions of the future device, product, process or service that one wishes to develop in order to satisfy the needs of the users previously identified and to better solve the initial problem.
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Design
Following the functional analysis, a process of finding solutions is put in place, using various creative techniques. The solutions are provided for each of the functions prescribed in the CdCF.
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Evaluation and dissemination
Once the first prototype is developed, after several trials and the evaluation of each of the sections, the implementation of the innovation follows in the communities in order to proceed with various types of evaluation of the prototype and finally spread the innovation on a larger scale.
Preconception
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This first step aims, from a frame of reference and field research, to answer all of these questions in order to develop solutions that are usable and able to meet the needs of each person.
The AVE an approach which is part of an organizational structure allowing to highlight the dynamics of a learning company.
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By maintaining collaborations with different users, Eduplan Solutions has succeeded in bringing together talents in 4 major areas that make up our communities. All the knowledge mobilized thanks to his talents is done in order to achieve our objectives.
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Functional analysis
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Following this analysis, a functional specification (CdCF) specifies the functionalities that the solution should fulfill.
In the CdCF, each of the functions are hierarchized, categorized, characterized and, for some, a cost is attributed to them or a benefit is expected.
The CdCF is becoming an essential tool for research and development of innovation; it is used to direct the design of the future device, product, process or service and it is used to verify its effectiveness after its conception.
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Design
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From the solutions adopted, the design of the first prototype of the future device, process, product or service follows; this is the stage of prototyping innovation.
Prototyping is segmented into sections, so that we can execute and verify, with our collaborators, only one section at a time, for validation purposes and to realize a first prototype of the planned innovation.
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Implementation, evaluation and dissemination
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The testing is carried out taking into account the different components and conditions of the environment and with the planning of implementation strategies.
Innovation evaluation consists of evaluating:
1) the properties of the innovation deployed (the effectiveness and efficiency of the innovation;
2) the granted and perceived value of the innovation;
3) as well as the social impact of innovation.
It is important to specify that our products are systematically evaluated, even after the release. This practice aims to preserve user communities, to adapt to evolutions, to changes and to enrich the mobilization of various knowledge thus contributing to the development of innovation.
The application of this approach has led Eduplan Solutions to develop the Inclulab, a space for enriching and sharing knowledge between people from different communities.
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Entrepreneurial Value Analysis (AVE) is therefore an approach that emphasizes:
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Different iterative steps
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The contribution of their different communities and diverse talents
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Abstract
Méthodologies par étape
Loiselle et Harvey (2007) précisent que la recherche et le développement (RD) est une forme de recherche où le chercheur-développeur est engagé à la fois dans des activités de développement et dans la collecte, l’analyse, la production de nouvelles connaissances et le partage du processus de développement.
En effet, chacune des phases fait appel a une ou plusieurs activités et méthodologies de recherche. Dans le contexte de l'AVE, nous faisons usage généralement des méthodes suivantes:
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Analyse de contenue
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Analyse de la recension des écrits à l'aide de l’anasynthèse ; axiologique (pourquoi; buts, objectifs, visées), formelle (quoi; définition), explicative (notes explicatives ; caractéristiques, avantages limites, types, principes, composantes et praxique (comment ; praxies, pratiques, évaluations).
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Analyses de besoins à l'aide des techniques suivantes :
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la technique documentaire (la recension des écrits)
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la technique communicative (l'entrevue et les questionnaires)
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la technique interactive (le focus groupe, le groupe de discussion, le groupe nominal)
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la technique analytique (analyse par tâche et l’arête de poisson).
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Analyse fonctionnelle à l'aide des techniques suivantes :
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Analyse systématique des besoins identifiés transposés en fonctions
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Analyse à partir de la recension des écrits
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Analyse produits types : analyse des caractéristiques, des apports et des limites
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Analyse écosystémique ; analyse systématique des composantes du ou des milieux où sera utilisé l’outil et des relations entre ces composantes.
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Analyse, sélection et hiérarchisation des fonctions à l'aide de la technique Delphie ou du groupe nominal
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Évaluation qualitative et quantitative des propriétés des prototypes développés et des effets du prototype à l'aide des entrevues, questionnaires et analyse de contenu.
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